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The development of Islam in the West Asian and South Asia

At the 7-th century, Islamic kingdoms in West Asia the golden era. This happens because of the trading. Kingdom of Islam in West Asia is made up of the Kingdom of Turkey, Arabia, Yemen, in the west, Asyiria, Mesopotamia, Sumerian, and in the east.
Position of West Asia staretegis provide for ease of Asia and Eastern Europe for trading. Center-West Asia trading center located on the east coast of Mediteranean Sea. Throughout the Red Sea, around the Persian Gulf along Euphrat River, Tigris, Turkey seta which is the gateway to Europe.
After the trade in West Asia, Arab traders dagangnya to extend the path east, the Persian Gulf and India. Channel trade followed this up to Malacca. Malacca was later changed to central Asia in the International port to accommodate the traders from the West, East, and South.
After the Caliph Abassiyah in Baghfaf collapse in 1258 due to M Mongol army attacks, the power of Islamic decadence. Kekuasannya split into small kingdoms. After a while later, three kingdoms emerged, namely the Turkish Usmani, Safawi in Persian, and Mughal India.
(Figure 2.5 Regional expansion of Islam around the years 750-1050 M.)


Usmani Kingdom Turkey in Turkey

Turkey Usmani Kingdom was established by the Turkish nomadic tribe of the Oghuz Mongols inhabited areas and the north China. 13 M on a century, pressure from the Mongols of the nation continues, so they decided fled settled in the region and Asia Minor. They serve in the Sultan of Seljuk. Their offspring, Usman (1290-1326), considered the founder of the Kingdom of Turkey Usmani. Usman and his
ancestor Byzantium render a drive out troops from the region. Usman Government offspring successfully extend his power into the region and Turkey is now part of Europe now include Turkey and some European which includes Macedonia, Sophia, and Salonia.
Mongol attacks come again to Turkey in tahun1400 M. However, Turkey Usmani can escape from these attacks. Furthermore, there was strife among the leaders of the Kingdom of the descendants of Turkish Sultan Bayazid. New in the leadership of Muhammad Al-Fatih (1451-1484), he was able to consolidate the power of the kingdom. Constantinople attacked by Turkey in the year 1453, M. Eastern Europe dominated by the Sultan Sulaiman. At that time, Turkey became the center of Islam to the progress in the field of religion and politics. Turkey disrepair caused strife between the descendants of Sultan Sulaiman. This causes destruction of the Kingdom of Turkey Usmani.


Safawi in the Kingdom of Persia

Safawi Kingdom living of the same age with Turkey Usmani. Safawi first leaders came from the Kingdom of the founders of tarekat Sahawiyah in Ardabil, Azerbaijin, called Safi Al-Din in the 14th century M. Safawi between ruler, King Abbas I brought the triumph of the Kingdom of Safawi. He was able to overcome the crisis in the kingdom and brings together the regions that have been separated before. Progress begins with the opening of trade ports Gumrun aside so that traders from the West is. Trade routes to Asia was occupied by the kingdom. Achieve progress in the agricultural area in the Crescent Subur (Fertile Crescent) to the agricultural production that are bringing prosperity.
Safawi Kingdom have a high civilization and many develop the science. In the kingdom there are many experts in philosophy, religious experts, and historian, and it can be said more advanced compared with the two great Islamic kingdom in the same period. Kingdom also reached the peak of progress in the field of art and architecture. Mosques, hospitals, roads, parks and beautify the city of Isfahan. Lodging in the city, and 273 bathing public. Life art includes ceramics, pottery, Safawi Islamic civilization has been filling in the fields of economy, science, art, and large buildings.


Mughal Kingdom in India

India is located in the South Asia region. Start the power of Islam in India occur during the Caliph Al-Walid daei dynasty Bani Umayyah the attack India. At that time appear Ghaznawi Dynasty under Sultan Mahmud Al-Gahzna who conquered almost all the Hindu kingdom in India.
Mughal kingdom was founded by Zahiruddin Babur at the beginning of the century to 16 M. He conquered Samarkand in the year 1494 and M occupy Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan in the year 1504, M. Mughal troops successfully the region north Delhi. Control of these mark the end of the kingdom of Delhi and the emergence of the Kingdom of Mughal India.
Initially, the Mughal dynasty always marked with a subordinate kingdom of the rebellion. Next, King Humajun successfully restore the power of Mughal dynasty in the year 1555, M. He was replaced by Akbar, who ruled with her son authoritarian ways. During Akbar government, agriculture and trade to progress rapidly. India's merchandise to sell in Europe, Africa, and Asia, such as tobacco, cotton, indigo, weaving, cloth, and other. Poet laureate and the works of Persian. Abu Fadl is historians who write history based on the leadership of the Kingdom of Mughal kingdom. The beautiful works of architecture and amazing achievements in the Mughal kingdom, such as mosques, palaces, villa, and garden. During the Shah Jehan, built a mosque and pearl-plated Taj Mahal in Agra, Great Mosque in Delhi, and Lahore in the Palace.